Africa

Nestled in the heart of the northern province of Rwanda, the beautiful town of Musanze offers far more than that for which it is best known: the main gateway to the legendary Volcanoes National Park, home of the world-famous endangered mountain gorillas.

Though today the town is known as Musanze, it was previously called Ruhengeri – and you’ll no doubt still hear locals and visitors alike fondly refer to it as such, a name that resonates with adventure, resilience, and discovery. It is here, just over 2 hours from Rwanda’s capital, Kigali, and framed by five of the eight majestic volcanoes that make up the Virunga Mountain Range, that you’re invited to look beyond the obvious. Today, Musanze is a lively tourism hub that boasts a rich culture, dramatic landscapes, and warm-hearted, welcoming locals.

Whether you’re chasing the thrill of mountain gorilla trekking through misty rainforests, standing in awe before the Virunga Mountains, exploring ancient lava-formed cave systems, or seeking a cultural experience with locals that connects you to Rwanda’s tender soul, Musanze certainly has something to ignite your wanderlust and expand your perspective.

Join us as we guide you through the best things to do in Musanze, and help you build your own unforgettable adventure in this small central African nation.

Quick Tips

Here are some insider tips to help you make the most of your visit to Musanze, Rwanda.

• Musanze town is just a two-hour drive from Kigali, making it easy to reach for both short trips and longer stays.
• The town’s climate is cool and temperate.
• Visitors will find a lively atmosphere in Musanze, with bustling markets, local restaurants, and a welcoming community.
• Musanze, formerly known as Ruhengeri, is the main base for gorilla trekking in Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park.
• Gorilla trekking permits must be arranged in advance, as availability is limited and demand is high.
• Beyond gorilla trekking, Musanze offers attractions such as the Musanze Caves, the Twin Lakes of Burera and Ruhondo, and the Iby’Iwacu Cultural Village.
• Outdoor activities in the area include hiking, canoeing, birdwatching, and exploring the surrounding countryside.
• A wide range of lodging and dining options are available in Musanze, from budget guesthouses to luxury lodges.

Follow these tips and you’ll be ready to visit Musanze, Rwanda!

Plan Your Trip

Getting to and Around Musanze

From Kigali to Musanze

Musanze lies approximately 2 to 2.5 hours by road north-west of Kigali, the vibrant capital of Rwanda. The scenic drive winds through the most mountainous part of the country, offering a stunning preview of the beauty that awaits: you’ll weave past hillsides blanketed in banana trees, tea plantations, and views of distant volcanic peaks.

The main road is well-paved, and most visitors drive to Musanze, either with a rental car or with a local (as we did!). Buses are also available with regular departures every 30 minutes from the main bus station in Kilagi (the Nyabugogo Taxi Park, also known as the Kigali Central Bus Terminal). Several different recommended bus companies operate along this route, with Virunga Express the most popular and most comfortable option. Tickets cost approximately 2,000 RWF (less than US$1.50).

Insider tip. Bus tickets from Kigali to Musanze can be purchased at the bus station itself – there is no need to purchase tickets in advance.

Insider tip. Though the typical ride to Musanze takes just over 2 hours, it may take up to a half hour longer if your bus makes stops, or if you’re travelling during peak times. Plan accordingly!

Buses from Kigali arrive at the Musanze (or Ruhengeri) Bus Station, just a five-minute walk from the main Kigali-Ruhengeri Road.

You can also reach Musanze from Kigali with a private transfer or in a shared taxi. Onward transportation to Volcanoes National Park and other attractions within the region can be easily arranged from Musanze.

Getting Around Town

Musanze is a relatively compact town, easily explored on foot. It also offers visitors a good public transit system that includes buses, taxis and moto-taxis.

The most common, fast and affordable – and let’s be honest, the most fun! – way to get around is by moto-taxi. These motorcycle taxis are a popular mode of transport throughout Rwanda, and you’ll never be hard-pressed to find one – believe us when we say they’ll find you! Simply tell the driver where you’re headed, negotiate a reasonable price (we never paid any more than 1,000 RWF (less than US$1) for any ride), jump atop the bike behind the driver (helmets are mandatory!), and away you go! We found all the moto-taxi drivers to be incredibly safe and courteous, and they somehow seemed to know every nook and cranny of the town!

Insider tip. Always be sure to agree on a price before donning your helmet and getting on the back of a moto-taxi.

Taxis are also readily available, and are great for longer distances or for those who prefer a more comfortable ride (Mike, we’re looking at you, princess!). Taxis are available at designated taxi stands, or can be hailed directly on the street.

Public buses are also available to take you to other nearby towns, and are another cost-effective option for visitors, not to mention a wonderful way to experience local life up close and personal (and sometimes it’s very close, depending upon how full the bus might be!).

Musanze’s Climate: The Best Time to Visit

Musanze boasts a mild, temperate climate due to its high altitude. The dry season, which runs from June to September, is considered the best time to visit, especially if you’re considering going gorilla trekking and hiking. This time of year offers the most favorable trekking conditions, with less rainfall and more sunshine, making forest trails less slippery and easier to navigate. The one major drawback to visiting at this time is the higher demand for trekking permits and accommodations, potentially leading to higher prices.

Insider tip. There is often a dry spell between mid-December and February, which may also be worth considering for your visit.

Whilst it’s still possible to visit during Rwanda’s rainy season (generally October through May) – with lower prices, lush landscapes, and the additional benefit of the chance to spot chimpanzees during this time – trails are often slippery and muddy, creating far more challenging trekking conditions. Cave access can also be difficult during this time.

Insider tip. For photographers like Beck, the post-rain mist during the rainy season offers a truly magical backdrop for superb photos.

No matter when you choose to visit Musanze, ensure you plan accordingly. Pack sturdy shoes, waterproof clothing, and layers.

Discover Musanze Town

The bustling city of Musanze, capital of the Musanze District and the largest town in the area, has an estimated population of around 90,000, and serves as a key urban center, and one of the most popular tourist destinations in Rwanda’s northern province. This beautiful town sits at the edge of the Volcanoes National Park, making it a key jumping-off point for this treasured park: but Musanze is a small town with plenty to offer in its own right.

Musanze is safe, welcoming, and full of character. With its combination of stunning landscapes, comfortable accommodations, and easy access to iconic natural and cultural experiences, you’ll have plenty to help wile away a day or two here.

Musanze Local Market

Visit the daily Musanze Local Market (also known as the Musanze Central Market) to interact with locals, taste fresh produce, or pick up handmade crafts and textiles. Whilst you’re at it, grab a seat in one of the numerous cafés around town, and enjoy taking in the view of daily life in motion.

Musanze, Community and Conservation

If you’re curious to learn more about the area’s role in conservation, stop by the Rwanda Development Board (RDB) office or chat with guides from local tour companies. The RDB handles tourism throughout Rwanda, and will happily share with you updates on local projects and community-driven eco-tourism.

Insider tip. You can find the RDB Tourism and Conservation offices at the prefecture offices in Kinigi, about 10km (6.2mi) north-west of Musanze, near Volcanoes National Park.

Iby’iwacu Cultural Village: A Cultural Gem

If there’s one thing that’s an absolute must during your time in Musanze, it’s a visit to the Iby’iwacu Cultural Village (also known as the Gorilla Guardians Village). Located in Nyabigoma, Kinigi, less than 20 minutes north-west of Musanze, it’s here you’ll be treated to a truly unique, authentic – and definitely immersive! – experience showcasing traditional life and the customs of Rwandans, including those of reformed poachers.

A visit here is a truly educational and fun opportunity. Originally a local project aimed at providing alternative income to former poachers, Iby’iwacu has today grown into a celebrated cultural tour that truly immerses its visitors. Through traditional dances, musical performances, cooking and craft demonstrations, and storytelling – all in which you’ll be able to actively participate – you’ll learn more about local culture and gain wonderful insights into the diverse cultural heritage of Rwanda, its customs, and the significance of various cultural practices – whilst also supporting local communities and conservation efforts.

Insider tip. This is a truly interactive experience. Upon arrival, you’ll be offered the opportunity to practice your drumming skills alongside the Iby’iwacu performers themselves. We highly encourage you to take up this offer – it’s so much fun!

Visitors can also participate in traditional cooking, beer brewing, and archery – and there’s even an opportunity to stay overnight in one of the traditional huts onsite.

Fun fact. Iby’iwacu Cultural Village is a model for sustainable tourism, with revenue generated from visitors directly supporting local educational initiatives, healthcare, and conservation efforts (including gorilla conservation).

There’s also a small gift shop on site. Most of the handicrafts for sale are made by reformed poachers who live in nearby villages, and you are welcome to negotiate on prices. We found the artwork to be of an incredibly high quality.

Fun fact. The local village and the cultural center itself provide former poachers with an alternative livelihood, ultimately helping to protect Rwanda’s wildlife and their habitats.

The local people at Iby’iwacu are truly welcoming, proud to share with you their heritage by leading you on a cultural tour through the site. Without question, a visit to Iby’iwacu offers a deep appreciation of Rwanda’s rich cultural heritage, and clearly demonstrates how tourism can be a powerful force for positive change.

Discover Musanze’s Wildlife and National Parks

The Musanze District is a region known for its lush landscapes and its access to some of Rwanda’s most iconic national park experiences.

Volcanoes National Park

At the heart of Musanze’s appeal is Volcanoes National Park, undoubtedly the main attraction for visitors – international and local alike – to the region. This national park is part of the greater Virunga Mountains region, straddling the borders of Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo – and it’s one of the most renowned natural reserves not only in Rwanda, but across the entire African continent.

There is plenty to do within Volcanoes National Park, but most people visit for the unforgettable opportunity to go gorilla trekking: a once-in-a-lifetime adventure to track and observe the world-famous endangered mountain gorillas, who dwell in their natural habitat across the lush slopes of the Virunga volcanoes.

Guided treks — strictly regulated and led by expert trackers — take you through dense forest paths where silverbacks roam and family groups nestle. Park entry must be acquired in advance, and you’ll need to obtain the mandatory gorilla permit, which currently costs US$1,500 per person. Bookings should be made through either an approved tour operator, else directly with the Rwanda Development Board, the latter who manages all activities within the park.

Insider tip. Daily permits to the park are limited and can sell out quickly. We highly recommend booking your gorilla trekking permit well in advance: at least 6-12 months before your intended visit, especially during the peak seasons (June through September and mid-December through February).

Your gorilla trekking permit fee for Volcanoes National Park includes entrance to the national park, an experienced park ranger guide (who will lead you on the trek), a pre-trek briefing, a one-hour gorilla viewing experience (observing a gorilla family in the wild), and a gorilla trekking certificate (now who doesn’t want that?). Visitors are responsible for their own transportation to and from the national park, accommodation (before and after the trek), food and drinks, porter fees (if assistance in carrying belongings is required) and gratuities.

Insider tip. Gorilla trekking can be a strenuous activity and treks often include traversing uneven, unstable terrain at altitude. Ensure you are physically prepared before embarking on any hike within Volcanoes National Park.

But gorillas aren’t the only draw.

Golden Monkey Visits

These playful, rare primates are another highlight of any visit to Volcanoes National Park. Golden monkey visits are less strenuous than gorilla treks and provide an excellent, more off-the-beaten-path wildlife experience: an opportunity for up-close photography and memorable moments with these Old World monkeys.

Insider tip. In good news, a golden monkey trekking permit costs less than 10% of a gorilla trekking permit (phew!), at only US$100 per person for international visitors. So if you’re looking for the opportunity to get up-close-and-personal with primates during your time in East Africa and are on a budget, this could be the winner! As with the gorilla trekking permit, this fee includes park entrance and the services of a professional ranger guide.

Golden monkey treks generally last 1-3 hours, including the time spent observing the monkeys.

Fun fact. Volcanoes National Park is one of only four places in the world where you can see these endangered primates in their natural habitat.

Hiking Volcanoes

Volcanoes National Park is home to five of the eight volcanoes within the Virunga Mountains: Mount Karisimbi, Mount Bisoke, Mount Gahinga, Mount Muhabura, and Mount Sabinyo. Each of these five volcanoes affords hikers an intense, yet incredibly rewarding, adventure.

Each trek begins early in the morning, with visitors required to arrive at the national park entry point with all the appropriate permits and gear. Each hike is considered a full day’s activity and should be booked through an experienced, reputable tour operator or through the Rwanda Development Board.

Insider tip. The dry season (June through September and mid-December through February) is generally the best time for hiking in Volcanoes National Park, but at these altitudes visitors should be prepared for rain at any time of year.

Mount Bisoke

Trekking up the Bisoke volcano, with an impressive elevation of 12,175ft (3,711m) is renowned for its signature crater lake, and is one of Rwanda’s most accessible hikes. If you’re seeking a challenging yet manageable day hike, this is an excellent choice – and is also one of the most breathtaking activities within the entire Musanze District. The view of the Virunga ranges from the summit of Mount Bisoke is, without question, worth the strenuous climb.

Mount Karisimbi

Mount Karisimbi is the highest of the Virunga Mountains in Rwanda, at an elevation of 14,787ft (4,507m). For the more adventurous or seasoned hikers, the Karisimbi volcano hike could be for you: it’s a challenging two-day trek with overnight camping in the forest at 12,139ft (3,700m). The Mount Karisimbi hike usually starts at the base of Mount Bisoke, and along the way to the summit you’ll pass through various vegetation zones, including bamboo forests, open hillside, and hagenia-hypericum forest (typically found at high altitudes in East Africa). This hike affords trekkers stunning panoramic views of other volcanoes within the Virunga range, and a unique experience indeed.

A hiking permit for Mount Karisimbi costs US$400 per person. You may also need to hire porters to help carry your gear, and provide additional support during the trek.

Mount Sabyinyo

Not really into hiking but would love to see some impressive volcanoes all the same? Great news! You don’t have to hike to enjoy the view of Mount Sabyinyo.

This extinct volcano – the oldest in the Virunga Mountain range – marks the intersection of the borders between Rwanda, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. At 12,037ft (3,669m), Sabyinyo holds religious significance for local tribes and carries the local nickname “Old Man’s Teeth”, due to its serrated summit. You can see Mount Sabyinyo from various points within the Musanze District – simply step outside your lodge, or walk a trail near the national park’s edge, and you’ll catch stunning glimpses of this jagged peak.

Other Activities Within Volcanoes National Park

Not into hiking? Don’t have the budget or the inclination to trek with mountain gorillas? No worries, as there’s plenty of other things to do within Volcanoes National Park, including birding, with over 100 different bird species recorded within the park.

You can also visit the grave of Dian Fossey, the famous primatologist who dedicated her life to protecting the majestic gorillas. The walk to the grave, as well as her former research camp (Karisoke Research Center, in between Mount Bisoke and Mount Karisimbi), takes about 2-3 hours, with plenty to see along the way. Dian Fossey is buried alongside the gorillas to whom she had given her all to protect.

Insider tip. Permits are required to hike to the Dian Fossey grave. We recommend securing your permit at least several months in advance: it will set you back US$75, but does include the services of a guide.

Buhanga Eco Park

Located less than 10km (6.2mi) directly south of Musanze, you’ll find Buhanga Eco-Park, a small but sacred forest. Known for its unique blend of ecological, spiritual and cultural significance, Buhanga is a lush forest steeped in history, and home to rich biodiversity that includes ancient trees, beautiful gardens, molten lava rock formations, small mammals, and diverse birdlife.

Guided walks through Buhanga along lava stone trails reveal royal Rwandan coronation sites and caves where other important rituals took place (including the king’s ritual bath!) and permit visitors to explore these historical sites and learn more about the traditional ceremonies associated with them.

Fun fact. Buhanga is home to a small natural spring – Gihanda – that is believed to be named after the first Rwandan king, and is associated with blessings and rituals.

Buhanga Eco-Park makes for an excellent half-day activity, especially for those interested in a combination of nature and culture: a peaceful oasis amongst towering trees and the simple sounds of nature, and an opportunity for a reflective counterpoint to the thrill of the volcanoes just steps away.

Musanze’s Lava Caves

Underneath the lush terrain of the Musanze District, hidden beneath the volcanic hills, lies a fascinating subterranean world: the Musanze lava caves. Located just off the Ruhengeri-Gisenyi main road and easily accessible from Musanze town, this sprawling underground world of tunnels was formed centuries ago through volcanic activity, and is worth a visit for their unique geological formation, ecological role, and historical significance.

Extending for over 2km (1.24mi) and featuring 31 different entrances, the Musanze Caves proves a unique glimpse into the earth’s geology. A product of lava flows from volcanic eruptions in the Virunga Mountains, the molten lava drained away, leaving behind a network of tunnels and caves (pretty neat, eh?).

Insider tip. Some of the entrances to the caves were created by roof collapses that now allow light to stream into the dark, echoing chambers. The play of light and the greenery at these locations make for excellent photo opportunities.

Insider tip. The Musanze lava caves also offer unique views of the surrounding Virunga volcanoes.

The ecological value of the caves is also significant. The unique environment within them supports various wildlife, and are home to a large bat colony. The Musanze Caves also have great historical and cultural importance for Rwandans, as they were historically:

• used for ancient ceremonies, including the crowning of new kings
• a place of refuge during human conflict (for example, the caves were used as shelter for thousands of people during wartime, including during the Rwandan Genocide)

Today, the caves remain an important connection to Rwanda’s past, and a symbol of the country’s resilience through challenging times, highlighting the historical importance of this geological wonder.

Protected by the Rwanda Development Board, visitors are welcome to explore the caves as part of a guided tour, arranged through local tour companies or your accommodation. Tours generally last 2-3 hours, and you’ll be provided with helmets, gloves, and flashlights for safe exploration of the caves. The experience can be both eerie and awe-inspiring — especially as you reflect on the human presence these caves once harbored.

Insider tip. We recommend making sure your phone and/or camera also has a flashlight attached, and is fully powered, should a flashlight of your own also be required during the tour. We also recommend wearing sturdy, closed-toed shoes.

Insider tip. As the Musanze Caves are located within close proximity to Volcanoes National Park, consider combining a visit here with some gorilla trekking.

Lake Burera and Lake Ruhondo: The Twin Lakes

On the outer edges of the Musanze District you’ll find the beautiful twin lakes of Lake Burera and Lake Ruhondo. With varying access points and stunning, windy roads to get you there, Lake Ruhondo is the closest to Musanze, a mere 13km (8.1mi) to the east. The lakes are separated by a narrow strip of land, with Lake Burera right next door – both lakes ultimately offer serene beauty and opportunities for visitors to partake in boat rides, biking, canoeing, birding, hiking, and reflection.

Both lakes are fed by rivers descending from the volcanoes within the Virunga Mountains, and the landscape provides breathtaking, postcard-worthy views of the Virunga volcanoes and lush green hills in the background. With the dark blue waters of the lakes reflecting the stunning volcanic landscape that surrounds them, this is truly a photographer’s paradise!

Insider tip. For those on a tight budget, relaxing by one of the twin lakes offers an incredible immersive experience into nature, without the high cost of permits or guided treks. Who doesn’t want to wile away a day or two relaxing at a lakeside lodge?

Lake Ruhondo

Lake Ruhondo – sometimes also called Luhondo – is particularly accessible to visitors, and is known for its stunning scenery and abundant birdlife. For bird lovers, the area provides excellent opportunities to spot various endemic species, including the Grauer’s Swamp Warbler, the Ruwenzori Turaco, and the Handsome Francolin.

Insider tip. The small villages near Lake Ruhondo afford visitors opportunities to learn more about Rwandan culture, and to interact with local communities. Why not stop by one on your way to or from the lake?

Lake Burera

If you’re visiting Lake Burera – the larger of the twin lakes – consider taking a boat ride out to La Paillotte Cyuza Island. This beautiful, self-sufficient island offers a tranquil, relaxing escape for visitors, with opportunities to connect with nature and support local communities. On Cyuza Island you’ll even find various accommodations (including basic safari tents and cozy cottages): considering the location (surrounded by lush greenery, with stunning views of the Virunga Mountain Range), it may be worth considering staying a night or two!

Fun fact. Cyuza Island is privately owned. The island staff are known for their friendly and welcoming nature, and the island is a community-run initiative that supports employment and on-the-job training for locals. By visiting Cyuza Island, you’ll be helping to support a revenue stream generated by sustainable travel.

Dining in Musanze

In great news, there are plenty of decent dining options in Musanze town. Most cafes and restaurants focus on using fresh, locally-sourced ingredients, and whether you’re in the mood for traditional Rwandan cuisine or something with a more international flavor, you’ll find it here in Musanze.

Below are some recommendations to help satisfy your hunger during your time in the region.

• Migano Cafe. We are big fans of this small chain, found in several cities throughout Rwanda. The service is excellent, the menu is extensive, the prices are budget-friendly, and the food is fresh and delicious. Their coffees and chicken curries are especially fabulous!
• La Paillotte Gorilla Place. Located in the center of town, this beloved cozy restaurant and bakery is known for its delicious meals and warm hospitality. Here you can enjoy some of the best chicken dishes in town, traditional Rwandan cuisine, and even wood-fired pizzas. The inside decor is particularly inviting.
  
  

• Crema Cafe. Another popular hangout amongst locals and international visitors alike, this large open-air cafe recently moved to a much larger space to accommodate its increasing popularity. An excellent choice for coffee lovers, visitors can expect delicious food (light snacks and full meals) made from fresh, locally-sourced ingredients. There’s also an outdoor art gallery and small handicraft store onsite.
• Amikus Coffee & Pizza. Located on the main Kigali-Ruhengeri Road, and associated with the hotel of the same name, this is another fantastic option, serving up large, fresh meals, as well as their famous baked goods in a clean, welcoming space. But the biggest highlight for most visitors? Their rooftop terrace, with breathtaking panoramic views of Musanze and the Virunga volcanoes.

Staying in Musanze

Most visitors stay at least a night or two in Musanze, in between gorilla trekking, boating on the twin lakes, and participating in various cultural activities. In great news, there is a range of accommodation options in town to suit your needs and preferences, from budget hostels to charming guesthouses to upscale lodges. Most of the hotels are located close to the main road, and many also offer shuttles to the Volcanoes National Park and other attractions.

Some of our favorite accommodation options include the following.

• Five Volcanoes Boutique Hotel. Located on the road north to Kinigi with easy access to Volcanoes National Park, this upscale hotel offers several different room types (each with an ensuite), an outdoor pool and restaurant, and beautiful gardens for a relaxing stay. Airport pick-ups and free wifi are also available.
• Tiloreza Volcanoes Ecolodge.Located just a minute south of Five Volcanoes Boutique Hotel, this mid-scale lodge has it all – including an onsite masseuse and unparalleled service. Rooms are spacious and clean, and the restaurant serves up excellent food.
• Virunga Hotel.Located in the center of town, this friendly hotel offers free bike rentals, free private parking, a terrace, a shared kitchen, and a restaurant.
• The Garden Place Hotel. On a tight budget? Then this could be the place for you! Located right in the center of town, close to Migano Cafe and the Musanze Bus Station, this spacious and comfortable hotel gets rave reviews from travelers. Want the best room? Ask for one with a view of the volcanoes!

Insider tip. Have a bit of cash to splash and want to experience the best accommodation that Musanze can offer? Don’t look any further than One&Only Gorilla’s Nest. A night’s stay here will set you back a pretty penny, but we hear it’s absolutely worth it for the personalized service, focus on sustainability and community-driven practices, and gourmet dining experience.

Final Thoughts

Whether you find yourself in northern Rwanda to trek through bamboo forests in search of endangered mountain gorillas, to explore ancient lava-formed caves, to wile away a few hours at a lakeshore property, or to connect with local people through meaningful cultural experiences and community-driven initiatives, Musanze is an unforgettable destination. And it’s certainly a popular tourist destination for good reason: it offers both thrill (for those of you more like Beck) and tranquility (for those of you more like Mike) in equal measure.

Most foreign visitors come to Musanze for the unforgettable opportunity to encounter mountain gorillas in their natural habitat: but this small town offers far more than what a typical guidebook can tell you. And it’s the tourism industry in this part of Rwanda that helps create a large revenue stream that helps local communities thrive.

From the bustling bus station at the edge of town to the tranquil beauty of Lake Ruhondo, and from adrenaline-filled adventures in the wild to dining in local cafes on Swahili curries – and everything in between! – this corner of Rwanda is a rich blend of nature, tradition, and warm hospitality. It’s a place where every moto-taxi ride becomes a story. Indeed, Musanze represents what we love most about travel: a place where community, history, culture, and adventure intertwine. Wander the streets, visit the markets, hike the trails, and sip the famous Rwandan coffee – all with local communities who will make you feel like more than just a tourist.

If you’re planning a trip to this part of Africa, be sure to set aside time on your itinerary to visit Musanze. Pack your curiosity, your hiking boots, your sense of adventure, and let’s help prepare you to visit one of the most inspiring places in East Africa!